Author Type

Graduate Student

Date of Award

Summer 6-30-2026

Document Type

Dissertation

Publication Status

Version of Record

Submission Date

July 2026

Department

Comparative Studies Program

College Granting Degree

Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters

Department Granting Degree

Comparative Studies Program

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Thesis/Dissertation Advisor [Chair]

Patricia Widener

Abstract

While Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) and Virtual Exchange (VE) are celebrated as democratizing tools fostering intercultural understanding, this techno-utopian narrative obscures a complex reality: the virtual classroom is a contested social field where global inequalities are reproduced and amplified. This dissertation interrogates this paradox, exploring how structural inequalities, digital divides, and epistemic hierarchies are negotiated within the Virtual Thirdspace of global education. Integrating Structural Inequalities (Galtung, 1969; Farmer, 2004; Tilly, 1998; and Young, 2008), Critical Environmental Justice (Pellow, 2018), Intersectionality (Crenshaw, 1989), World-Systems Analysis (Wallerstein, 1974), and Thirdspace theory (Soja, 1996), the study examines this terrain as both a microcosm of macro-level inequalities and a site of potential epistemic restitution. Employing a six-year (2019–2025) critical digital ethnography and leveraging an embedded positionality as a COIL coordinator in Venezuela, within a context of profound infrastructural collapse. To empirically ground this monograph, I analyze four primary Case Studies derived from in-depth interviews with faculty and students who collectively participated across 33 distinct COIL iterations. To ensure empirical rigor, data collection triangulates participatory observation, critical discourse analysis, and in-depth collaborative follow-up interviews with 48 stakeholders. This cohort comprises 13 faculty members spanning 8 countries across the global core, periphery, and semi-periphery (the United States, Spain, Germany, Ukraine, Mexico, Brazil, Venezuela, and South Africa), alongside 35 students. Findings reveal that core-periphery, or Global North and Global South, dynamics shape virtual micro-interactions, thereby perpetuating structural inequality, digital coloniality, and infrastructural disparities.

Furthermore, participants’ intersectional identities deeply mediate these experiences, compounding vulnerabilities and privileges for faculty and students. Yet, this Virtual Thirdspace also yields radical pedagogical possibilities through pedagogical inversion, where marginalized students leverage their lived precarity to become the educators, and epistemic restitution, where marginalized participants and Indigenous leaders disrupt dominant epistemologies (Kumalo, 2020; Vázquez, 2023). Challenging extractivist educational models, this research advocates for a pluriversal pedagogy (Escobar, 2020). It introduces Geopolitical Pedagogical Fluency, a structurally grounded literacy of partner realities, as a prerequisite for ethical COIL design, offering actionable recommendations to construct genuinely equitable virtual learning environments.

Share

COinS