Author Type

Graduate Student

Date of Award

Summer 7-28-2026

Document Type

Thesis

Publication Status

Version of Record

Submission Date

August 2026

Department

Chemistry and Biochemistry

College Granting Degree

Charles E. Schmidt College of Science

Department Granting Degree

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Degree Name

Master of Science (MS)

Thesis/Dissertation Advisor [Chair]

Renjie Wang

Abstract

Accurate detection of electrolyte ions is essential for biological research, disease diagnosis, and the investigation of cellular function. In this study, we developed ionophore-based PLGA nanosensors for the optical detection of biologically important ions. The nanosensors were prepared by encapsulating ionophores, chromoionophore III, and ion exchangers within PLGA nanoparticles. The resulting nanosensors showed uniform morphology, good colloidal stability, and concentration-dependent optical responses toward Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ over the range of 10⁻⁶ to 10⁻¹ M. Reversible fluorescence responses under repeated ion concentration changes confirmed the stability and robustness of the sensors. The nanosensors also demonstrated reliable analytical performance for K⁺ detection in serum samples. Furthermore, the method was applied to intracellular Na⁺ imaging in SH-Sy5Y cells. Colocalization studies confirmed efficient cellular uptake, and glutamate stimulation induced measurable intracellular Na⁺ responses, demonstrating the capability of ionophore-based PLGA nanosensors to monitor dynamic ion fluctuations in living cells. Overall, this platform provides a promising strategy for electrolyte ion sensing and imaging.

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